Performance Analysis of GPO-3 and G10 Materials

Time: 12-11 2025 Auther: Xujue Electrical

Performance Analysis of GPO-3 and G10 Materials (Comprehensive Comparison) GPO-3 material and G10 materail are both ...

Performance Analysis of GPO-3 and G10 Materials (Comprehensive Comparison)

GPO-3 material and G10 materail are both glass-fiber-reinforced insulating materials, but they differ significantly in structural composition, resin systems, manufacturing processes, and therefore in performance and application fields.

GPO-3 materials

GPO-3 material sheets

G10 Materials

G10 material sheets

1. Material Composition and Structural Differences

Item	GPO-3	G10
Base reinforcement	Chopped strand fiberglass mat (CSM)	Woven fiberglass cloth
Resin system	Unsaturated polyester resin (UP)	Epoxy resin
Manufacturing process	Compression molding / SMC molding	Thermoset laminated sheet (heat-pressed laminates)
Appearance	Slightly rough, visible texture	Smooth, dense, high precision

GPO-3 is more of a structural insulating material, while G10 is designed for high strength, high insulation, and precision applications.

2. Performance Differences

Mechanical Performance (G10 is significantly stronger)

Property	GPO-3	G10
Flexural strength	150–200 MPa	350–480 MPa
Tensile strength	100–150 MPa	300–400 MPa
Impact strength	Medium	High
Dimensional stability	Medium	Excellent

The mechanical strength of G10 is more than double that of GPO-3, suitable for high-stress and precision structures.

Electrical Performance

Parameter	GPO-3	G10
Dielectric strength	12–18 kV/mm	20–25 kV/mm
Insulation resistance	High	Very high
Tracking resistance (CTI)	Very high (≥600V)	Medium to high (250–600V depending on grade)
Arc resistance	Excellent (>180 s)	High (>120 s)

Key differences:

GPO-3 provides superior arc resistance (ideal for LV switchgear).

G10 provides higher dielectric strength (better for high-voltage insulation).

Thermal Performance

Property	GPO-3	G10
Continuous thermal rating	130°C (Class B)	155°C (Class F), up to 180°C for modified grades
Thermal expansion	Higher	Lower (more stable)
Thermal decomposition temperature	Medium	Higher

G10 offers much better heat stability, suitable for high-temperature and heavy-load environments.

Flame Retardancy

Both materials can reach UL94 V-0.

GPO-3: Naturally excellent flame retardancy + superior arc resistance

G10: Flame retardant depending on formulation (FR4 is the common flame-retardant epoxy)

GPO-3 is more suitable for arc-intensive, flame-critical environments.

Machinability

Property	GPO-3	G10
CNC precision	Medium	High precision
Tool wear	Low	High (material is harder)
Cut edge quality	Rougher	Clean and smooth

G10 is better for complex and precision-machined components, while GPO-3 is ideal for standard structural parts.

3. Application Comparison

GPO-3 Applications (mainly low-voltage power distribution)

LV switchgear barriers and partitions

Busbar supports, busbar holders

Distribution box insulation components

Transformer terminal boards

Arc-barrier and arc-proof components

Suitable for arc resistance, flame retardancy, and structural insulation in electrical equipment.

gpo3 sheet application

G10 Applications (high strength / high insulation)

Transformer slot wedges & insulation barriers

Motor insulation components

Precision structural parts

Electronic insulation parts

Aerospace and military components

High-temperature mechanical supports

Suitable for high mechanical strength, high dielectric performance, and thermal stability applications.

G10 Material application

4. Summary: How to Choose?

Requirement	Recommended Material
Very high mechanical strength (>300 MPa)	G10
High-precision CNC machining	G10
Superior arc resistance (>180 s)	GPO-3
LV switchgear / busbar insulation supports	GPO-3
High voltage / high insulation	G10
Cost-sensitive projects	GPO-3
Operating temperature above 130°C	G10

One-Sentence Summary

GPO-3 is ideal for structural insulation in power distribution systems, while G10 is the better choice for high-strength, high-insulation, and high-temperature precision components.

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